From Coagulation to Oral Surgery Application: Platelets in Bone Regeneration

Canceill T, Campana SC, Joniot S and Cazalbou S

Department of Pharmacology, University of Toulouse, CIRIMAT UMR5085, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
Department of Dentistry, University of Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Dental Faculty, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU de Toulouse), 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France

^*Correspondance to: Sophie Cazalbou 

 PDF  Full Text DOI: 10.25107/2474-1647.2226

Abstract

The complexity of the treatment of tissue lesions, particularly bone lesions, in regenerative medicine depends on the origin of the substance loss (traumatic, tumoral, infectious, etc.), its size and mechanical requirements. In the field of dental surgery, the need to ensure rapid regeneration of injured bone tissue for periodontal, post-extractional or pre-implant corrective surgery leads dental surgeons to have a large number of biomaterials in their therapeutic arsenal. The mineral materials are most often used because of their chemical composition which is close to bone’s mineral phase. They also present a resorption time in agreement with the time of formation of new bone. However their benefits are inconstant and the need of new bioactive structures, well accepted by the host, and favoring tissue healing has grown. Here is the place for platelet concentrates such as Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) which are rich in growth factors, cytokines and others proteins. PRF became the most commonly used in the last decade as it is easier to handle with its polymerized form which mimics an extracellular matrix favorable to cell proliferation and differentiation. A new option, called platelet lysate, has recently been highlighted in the general field of tissue regeneration and has the advantage of making platelet’s content directly available. Proteins concentrations are increased in these products even if their liquid form complicates their use in daily practice. This mini-review sums up the main clinical interests for the use of platelet concentrates and the new perspectives in the field of alveolar bone regeneration especially with platelet lysate.

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Cite the article

Thibault C, Sophie-Caroline C, Sabine J, Sophie C. From Coagulation to Oral Surgery Application: Platelets in Bone Regeneration. Clin Surg. 2018; 3: 2226.